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Details
Hydrochloric acid is used for the pickling of ferrous metals. The rust on the metals, which comprises oxides of iron, reacts with Hydrochloric acid and dissolves as ferrous chloride. Generally, about 18% acid is used for pickling. During the pickling process the acid is consumed down to about 5 to 6% and the concentration of ferrous chloride stoichiometrically increases. Disposal of such spent acid solution is difficult. Hence the ferrous chloride is reconverted to   ferric oxide and Hydrochloric acid gas at about 900oC. The gases are cooled and the HCl vapour in the gases is dissolved in water in a tray column to produce 17 to 18% Hydrochloric Acid, the residual gases are polished to reduce HCl content to permissible levels and let out into the atmosphere.

Hydrochloric / Hydro bromic Acid absorption with or without heat exchangers:  Absorption of HCl or HBr to produce concentrated acid is accompanied by generation of large amount of heat. Heat exchangers with expensive materials of construction are used to cool the acid. We have developed gas absorption systems, which do not require heat exchangers. This results in saving in capital costs.